Much of the success combating the global HIV epidemic was enabled by the use of the public health approach, encompassing simple, standardized, and evidence-based approaches to HIV prevention and treatment. New global guidelines support the use of more individualized services, including differentiated care, which has the potential to improve both the quality and efficiency of HIV programs. Despite new calls to action for differentiated models of care, key elements of the public health approach that has been so successful over the past 20 years must be retained for the global response to HIV to succeed. The authors of this article discuss the need for change, while keeping longstanding health systems in place, and offering suggestions for combining the two approaches for maximum impact.
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