Launched in August 2017, the CQUIN Monitoring and Evaluation community of practice (CoP) started off as a platform to reflect the ongoing high interest amongst CQUIN country teams in the need to adapt routine monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems to accommodate DSD models and other evolving elements of HIV services, and to develop tools and resources for ad hoc assessments of services implementation and outcomes.
Community of Practice
The CoP meets quarterly or more frequently as needed. Participants include more than 40 individuals from all 21 CQUIN network member countries. Dr. Bill Reidy (CQUIN Deputy Director for Strategic Information (SI)) is the CQUIN SI technical lead, supported by Dr. Karam Sachathep (CQUIN Senior SI Manager) and CQUIN regional SI Advisors Drs. Violet Oramisi and Marline Jumbe.
Following the US government global aid stop work orders in January 2025, the CQUIN team engaged network partner countries including via the M&E CoP to understand broadly the effects of this disruption on country monitoring and evaluation systems.
Activities
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Responding to the changing funding landscape for HIV program delivery
Following the stop work order period, network member countries informally reported a wide range of effects, spanning M&E of community- and facility-based services, documentation and reporting functions from the facility to subnational to national levels, affecting both paper-based and electronic records. A decision was made collaboratively to start reviewing data retrospectively, from January 2024 until present day, to better understand any fluctuations in critical HIV program and service delivery indicators.16 critical, national-level HIV indicators were identified for routine sharing with the ICAP-CQUIN team (see appendix below). The CQUIN SI team works closely with MOH M&E counterparts to review submitted data, produce visualizations to show time trend analyses, conduct additional statistical analyses, and to provide ongoing TA and data quality review where needed.
Patterns of impacts across peer countries in the CQUIN network—showing reductions in core HIV services in many countries in 2025—have been reviewed at CoP meetings and at in-person all-network meetings. These reflections on affected HIV services support CQUIN member countries as well as to the global HIV community of stakeholders, as governments are adapting their health systems and HIV services to respond to increasingly constrained external resources, and engaging funders.
- M&E Indicator Prioritization Exercise:
Network partner countries began a process of prioritizing national HIV indicators following the June 2025 CQUIN Strategic Planning Meeting. In the initial round of this activity, countries identified indicators that corresponded with critical service delivery elements that would be part of their ‘HIV minimum service delivery package,’ and would be prioritized for routine national reporting under several future funding level scenarios. Countries overwhelmingly prioritized a broad set of indicators, regardless of the funding envelope—which suggests that robust M&E systems will need to be maintained, even in scenarios with highly constrained external funding. CQUIN will provide an ongoing platform for countries to share and discuss plans for HIV M&E, including priorities for routine reporting.
- National M&E System Vulnerability Assessment:
In response to the country HIV M&E indicator prioritization exercise, which produced much conversation about the ability for network countries to produce thorough reporting for HIV indicators, there was identified a need for an assessment to help countries better understand, at a granular level, the vulnerabilities to national HIV M&E systems.
The CQUIN team rapidly developed a structured assessment of vulnerabilities in country M&E systems elements of HIV M&E that have been reliant on external funding, personnel, or technical assistance. This survey was reviewed in detail by colleagues in the Zambia Ministry of Health, who provided feedback that was used to revise the tool for piloting. A pilot of this survey was conducted in four countries in September-October 2025: Cameroon, Mozambique, Uganda, and Zambia by the Ministry of Health teams. Summary data and lessons learned from these surveys were shared with the broader CQUIN network at the 9th CQUIN Annual Meeting in Durban (November 17-21, 2025). The tool is currently being revised and updated and will be further piloted by all remaining network countries.
- 2025 M&E CoP Meetings:
The M&E community of practice (CoP) meetings are an ongoing activity where M&E focal points in the Ministries of Health for all CQUIN member countries meet on a regular basis (at least once a quarter) to discuss critical issues related to M&E systems for HIV service delivery. The meetings in 2025 held thus far include the following and illustrate the types of topics discussed during the CoP meetings:
April: DSD Coordinators and M&E focal points joint call:
On April 3rd, there was a joint call to communicate the CQUIN mission pivot given the impact of the stop work order issuance on HIV programs across CQUIN member countries. This call detailed the shift away from standard reporting of DSD related indicators (MMD enrollment numbers, model mix, etc) to a focus more on reporting and data sharing critical HIV service delivery and program indicators.
HMIS Data Sharing, Analysis and Visualization:

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May: Review of Select HIV Service Delivery Indicators During a Period of Financial Uncertainty
On May 20th, the M&E CoP was convened to review the implications of the CQUIN pivot for M&E, including the routine HMIS data request from the CQUIN team. Some of the objectives of the meeting included: 1) Reviewing selected 2024-25 trend data shared to-date – discuss trends and especially understanding any changes or impact of Stop Work Orders on HIV programming and M&E of HIV service delivery; 2) Share country updates on the evolution of their M&E systems, current progress, and advancements in monitoring in the face of the funding crisis; 3) Review the implications of the CQUIN pivot for M&E, including the routine HMIS data request from the CQUIN team.
August: Review of HMIS data & Indicator Prioritization Exercise
On August 19th 2025, following the clinical service and M&E indicator prioritization exercise, the CQUIN SI team held a joint CoP call to discuss country approaches to the ongoing prioritization of M&E indicators, including experiences, challenges, and progress in implementing the current assignment. This call also included reviews of DHIS2 data trends across countries, including any observed disruptions, vulnerabilities, or gaps affecting HIV service delivery monitoring.
November: M&E CoP- CQUIN Annual Meeting, Pre-Meeting
Piloting of the M&E Systems Vulnerability Assessment tool was initiated for most of the remaining CQUIN member countries at the in person CQUIN M&E Community of Practice Pre-Meeting on November 17th, 2025.
Resources

Frameworks and Tools
National M&E System Vulnerability Assessment
The CQUIN team rapidly developed a structured assessment of vulnerabilities in country M&E systems elements of HIV M&E that have been reliant on external funding, personnel, or technical assistance.
M&E Framework for Monitoring of Differentiated ART Services
(English PDF French PDF)
Developed by the CQUIN M&E community of practice, this framework prioritizes M&E measures to track the scale-up, coverage, and performance of DART services. It is intended to serve as an adaptable tool for ministries of health and program implementers leading DART scale-up and/or supervision.
DSD Performance Review Toolkit
(English Toolkit [PDF]) (English Appendices ([Zip File]) (French Toolkit)
In response to the need for a standardized approach to obtaining DSD data and conducting performance reviews in the absence of routine reporting on DSD indicators, the CQUIN M&E community of practice has developed a toolkit that provides step-by-step guidance on planning for the review, conducting data collection and analysis, holding a dissemination meeting, and developing action plans. The adaptable toolkit is based on lessons learned and best practices from performance reviews conducted by CQUIN network countries in 2019.
Meaningful Community Engagement Framework
In 2023, the M&E, quality management, and recipient-of-care community of practices have co-created a recipient-of-care satisfaction decision matrix and toolkit to provide network countries with best practices for assessing and improving on recipient-of-care satisfaction.
Developed by the CQUIN Community Engagement community of practice, this framework was designed to move toward a definition of meaningful community engagement in policy, implementation, and evaluation at national, program, and community levels.
CQUIN Capability Maturity Models
The CQUIN Capability Maturity Model is a structured self-assessment tool that systematically describes the progress of national initiatives to scale up DSD using a capability maturity model approach. The tool can be used by policymakers to identify implementation gaps and facilitate decision-making.
CQUIN supports baseline and annual DSD capability model assessments in each of its network countries to track progress and identify areas of common challenges. Country teams present their progress to the CQUIN community each year, most recently in country posters at the eighth annual CQUIN meeting in December 2024. This process has shown that most countries have made substantive progress toward developing supportive DSD policies, scale-up plans, guidelines, and training materials. Many countries have also improved the coordination of DSD services and have developed standard operating protocols, job aides, and M&E tools.
Sub-National Dashboard
Based on feedback from CQUIN member countries, a sub-national version of the capability maturity model was designed to provide ministries of health with information on provincial and/or district progress in DSD scale-up. The tool, which has been piloted in several countries, is easily adaptable to meet local needs.

Video Resources
Centering Recipients of Care: Assessing and Improving Satisfaction within DSD Programs : Recorded, August 3, 2023

Presentations
- Implementing Differentiated Service Delivery: Differentiated M&E: A presentation by ICAP epidemiologist William Reidy PhD, MPH from the 2017 IAS conference.
- CQUIN 2022: Where Are We Now? A presentation by Peter Preko, MB ChB, MPH (CQUIN Project Director),
Maureen Syowai, MBChB, MSc (CQUIN Deputy Director / Technical), William Reidy, PhD, MPH (CQUIN Deputy Director / Strategic Information) - An introduction to the CQUIN DSD Performance Review Toolkit, A presentation by Andrea Schaaf, MPH, ICAP strategic information specialist.
- Assessing Client and Healthcare Worker Satisfaction to Inform Implementation and Scale-Up of Differentiated Service Delivery for People Living with HIV Preliminary Findings: A presentation by Hervé Kambale, MD, MPhil, DSD technical advisor, Ministry of Health of Eswatini

